Functional Traits of Stem and Leaf of Wrightia candollei S. Vidal
Jonathan O. Hernandez1, Marilyn O. Quimado1, Edwino S. Fernando1,
Dennis E. Pulan2, Pastor L. Malabrigo Jr.1, and Lerma S.J. Maldia1
1Department of Forest Biological Sciences, College of Forestry and Natural Resources (CFNR)
University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), College, Laguna 4031 Philippines
2College of Agriculture, Southern Luzon State University
Lucban, Quezon, Philippines
*Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Morpho-anatomical functional traits of native tree species are deemed important in forest restoration. Although much is known about morpho-anatomical traits of many terrestrial plants, such traits in Philippine native trees remain unclear. In this study, the stem and leaf morpho-anatomy of W. candollei S. Vidal was investigated to provide insights on its potential for restoration of dry, degraded lands. Results suggest that the morpho-anatomical structure of leaf and stem of W. candollei conforms to characteristics typical of plants adapted to dry areas and to species commonly used for restoration. The presence of trichomes, multiple layers of storage cells and mechanical cells, sclerenchymatic phloem cap, multiple vascular bundles, living xylem parenchyma, and steep leaf inclination were observed and interpreted as important leaf and stem structural traits of W. candollei. These morpho-anatomical traits are commonly associated with (1) solar radiation and water loss reduction; (2) tissue/organ mechanical reinforcement; and (3) water uptake and storage. Therefore, W. candollei – in association with the other native species – might be potentially useful for restoration of dry degraded lands in the Philippines. However, ecophysiological and phenological studies, as well as watering regime experiments, are recommended to better understand the actual habitat preference of the species.
INTRODUCTION
The restoration of heavily degraded areas has become one of the emerging research interests across tropical countries. In the Philippines, two of the important observations noted from restoration efforts are (1) the selection of appropriate forest tree species and (2) their suitability to open-field conditions (Chechina and Hamann 2015). The selection of species for restoration of degraded lands is considered a complex task. Forest ecologists recommend native species for forest restoration because it is the best way to restore dry degraded lands’ ecological integrity into its original state. Native tree species may also have morpho-anatomical functional and adaptive traits that exotic species widely used for restoration may also have, allowing them to adapt to dry degraded environment. These traits have long been studied for many plants from the tropics. However, because plant responses to environmental stress are complex, the functions of these morpho-anatomical traits are still unknown to Philippine native trees in the context of forest restoration. . . . . . read more
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