Characteristics and Risk Factors for High Fasting Blood Glucose among Managers and Government Officials in the Philippines
Chona F. Patalen1, Sarah E. Guinto1, Cristilyn T. Atrero1,
Apple Joy D. Ducay1, Charmaine A. Duante1, and Mario V. Capanzana2
1Nutritional Assessment and Monitoring Division, Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Gen. Santos Ave., Bicutan 1631 Taguig City, Philippines
2Office of the Director, Food and Nutrition Research Institute,
Department of Science and Technology, Gen. Santos Ave., Bicutan 1631 Taguig City, Philippines
*Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes ranks fifth among the top causes of mortality in the Philippines. In the 2013 National Nutrition Survey (NNS), prevalence of high fasting blood glucose (FBG) was highest among government officials and managers (10.3%) compared to all other occupation groups. Thus, the study aimed to determine the association between socio-demographic characteristics and selected non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors with the prevalence of high FBG among government officials, executives, managers, supervisors, and proprietors in the Philippines. The study was a cross-sectional analysis of the 2013 NNS using a multi-stage stratified sampling design. Filipinos – 20 years old and above working as managers of any enterprise, government office and other organizations, with data on FBG and other NCD risk factors – were included in the study. Descriptive statistics were generated using Stata version 12.0. Simple logistic regression was used to determine the association of NCD risk factors with high FBG. Result showed that in this occupation group, factors such as age (≥40 years old), elevated blood pressure (≥140/90 mmHg) and triglyceride level (≥150 mg/dL), family history of diabetes, BMI of >25 kg/m2, high waist circumference and waist-hip ratio, and currently drinking alcoholic beverages were associated with high FBG. No significant relationship was observed between sex, educational background, HDL-cholesterol level, smoking status, fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity with high FBG. This study identified a high prevalence of high FBG among managers in the Philippines and the risk factors that are significantly associated with this condition. Interventions in the workplace to prevent and control high FBG and diabetes through early diagnosis and risk management, treatment, and explicit health policies should be initiated.
INTRODUCTION
Diabetes has been increasing for the past decades and individuals with impaired to high blood glucose level are highly at risk for cardiovascular diseases, kidney failure, blindness, and lower-limb amputation.
Worldwide, diabetes nearly quadrupled since 1980 – from 108 million people to 422 million people in 2014 – and is rising more rapidly in middle- and low-income countries (WHO 2017). Driven by lifestyle-related factors such as unhealthy diet, smoking and physical inactivity, it has become a cause of concern that diabetes now ranks fifth among the top causes of mortality in the Philippines (PSA 2013). . . . read more
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