Insecticidal Activity of Crude Ethanolic Extracts of Five Philippine Plants against Cabbage Worm, Crocidolomia pavonana Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Abigaile Mia V. Javier1,*, Virginia R. Ocampo2, Flor A. Ceballo2, and Pio A. Javier2
1Agriculture Research Section, Atomic Research Division, Philippine Nuclear
Research Institute- Department of Science and Technology, Commonwealth Avenue,
Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Philippines
2Institute of Weed Science, Entomology and Plant Pathology,
College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031 Philippines
*This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Plant substances play a major role in insect pest management by exhibiting their insecticidal activity through toxicity, antifeedant activity, repellency, and growth regulatory activity. Ethanolic extracts from five plant species – “lantana”, Lantana camara (Linnaeus); oregano, Coleus amboinicus (Loureiro); “langkauas”, Alpinia pyramidata (Blume); “luyang dilaw”, Curcuma longa (Linnaeus); and “chichirica”, Catharanthus roseus (Linn.) – were evaluated for their insecticidal activities including contact and residual toxicity, antifeedant activity, and growth regulator activity against third larval instar of cabbage worm, Crocidolomia pavonana (Lepidoptera). Among the five ethanolic extracts, Cu. longa was the most toxic to cabbage worm when applied topically (LD50=51.00 µg/g) and through leaf residue film method (LC50=116.73 µg/mL) at 72 h after treatment. L. camara ranked second in providing contact toxicity and leaf residue film method. Ethanolic extract from Co. amboinicus showed high antifeedant activity against cabbage worm at 500 µg/mL. All the ethanolic extracts showed insect growth regulatory activities expressed in high larval and pupal mortalities for Co. amboinicus and Cu. longa; high number of abnormal adults for Ca. roseus; and shortened lifespan of adults in L. camara and A. pyramidata. In view of the overall pesticidal properties of the plants, ethanolic extracts from Cu. longa and L. camara can be exploited as botanical insecticides for cabbage worm management.
INTRODUCTION
Cabbage worm, Crocidolomia pavonana Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is one of the major pest of crucifers. Newly hatched larvae feed on the underside of the leaf and disperse throughout the other plant parts as they mature. In some cases, they reach the center of the plant and produce mass webbing and frass (Smyth et al. 2003). It is considered as one of the major constraints in Brassica production because the larvae feed on young leaves and attack the cabbage head that could lead to 100% yield loss (Morallo-Rejesus & Navasero-Ward 2003). . . . read more
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