Cost-Effective Programming of Electric Demand
in the University of the Philippines Diliman
Maureen Anne Araneta1, Mario Carreon2, Amador Rozul3, and Caesar Saloma4
1College of Architecture,
2Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering,
3Office of the Campus Architect,
4National Institute of Physics, College of Science,
University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Philippines
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ABSTRACT
We analyze the electric energy usage and improve the electric demand programming of the University of the Philippines Diliman which maintains more than a hundred separate agreements for the sale of energy by Meralco to its academic buildings. Each agreement covers a unique power-meter account and obligates UP Diliman to pay a monthly electric demand charge that depends only on guaranteed minimum billing demand (GMBD) and not on actual electric demand. In 2010, the actual monthly demand in 34 of 109 accounts always stayed below their GMBD ratings. UP Diliman and Meralco reviewed the agreements and modified the GMBD ratings of 26 accounts to depend on maximum actual monthly electricity consumption in the previous billing year. The new GMBD ratings were first applied in March 2012 and the total electricity bill for the 26 accounts from March to September 2012 was approximately 30% less than what would have been paid using the original GMBD ratings for the same consumption, electricity cost and overhead charges. The 2013 bill of UP Diliman was 2.5% higher than that in 2012 while those in the 2012 and 2011 were higher by 7% and 2.8%, respectively. In contrast, relative consumption increased by 5.6%, 4% and -1.9% in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. A consumption-based GMBD rating scheme is essential if the adoption of more efficient devices and energy-saving measures is to actually lower the electricity bill. Our work illustrates the benefits of accurate demand programming and meaningful public-private partnership in the operation of a public academic institution.
INTRODUCTION
Electricity prices in Metro Manila (MM) are the third highest among fourteen major cities in North and Southeast Asia plus Australia and New Zealand in January 2013 - third in overall residential tariff, third in generation cost, third in grid charges, and third in tax rates (The Lantau Group HK Limited 2013). Given tight budget allocations for campus operations and maintenance, higher education institutions (HEIs) are increasingly pressured to predetermine accurately the energy cost of running their academic buildings and facilities. The accurate programming of the electric demand of a single building can result in considerable savings that may be utilized to provide more and better services to stakeholders while keeping matriculation at highly affordable levels. . . . . (read more)
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