Properties of Particleboard from Wood
Wastes and Cashew Nut Shell Residue
Erlinda L. Mari and Edgar M. Villena
Forest Products Research and Development Institute
Department of Science and Technology
College, Laguna 4030
corresponding author:This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Cashew nut shell residue (CNSR) obtained after extraction of the liquid was combined with mixed species of wood particles at different wood to CNSR proportions (100/0, 75/25 and 50/50) (to produce one-layer particleboard. The strength properties, dimensional stability, and flammability of the boards were determined to evaluate the technical feasibility of producing wood-CNSR particleboards with acceptable properties. Results indicate that the type of adhesives and wood/CNSR ratios had a significant effect on the boards’ strength properties and dimensional stability. Isocyanate resin-bonded boards exhibited the highest modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity but the urea formaldehyde resin-bonded boards had the highest internal bond and face screw holding strength. Most of the boards met the minimum standard for internal bond strength of base particleboard. The rest of the properties failed. Replacing wood with CNSR adversely affected the strength as well as the dimensional stability of the boards. In terms of flammability, however, the ember of boards with CNSR extinguished at a shorter time than the pure wood boards, thus causing a smaller area of damage on the board.
INTRODUCTION
It is estimated that 0.75 Metric Tons (MT) of cashew shell is generated for every MT of cashew nut produced in the Philippines (Fidel et al. 1998). Based on this estimate, more than 200,000 MT of shells have been generated locally since 1994. From the shells, cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is extracted for the manufacture of friction dust for clutch lining and brake lining of vehicles . . . . . . read more
REFERENCES
BISANA BB and NB LAXAMANA. 1998. Utilization of cashew nut shell residue for the production of charcoal briquettes and activated carbon. FPRDI Journal 24(2):25-38.
ÇÖPÜR Y, GÜLER C, AKGÜL M, TAŞÇIOĞLU C (2007). Some chemical properties of hazelnut husk and its suitability for particleboard production. Build Environ 42:2568–2572. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.07.011 on 14 March 2014.
ÇÖPÜR Y, GÜLER C, TAŞÇIOĞLU C, TOZLUOĞLU A. 2008. Incorporation of hazelnut shell and husk in MDF production. Bioresour Technol 99(15):7402–7406. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.021 on 14 March 2014.
FERRI E. 2011. Bio-resins derived from cashew nutshell oil. Reinforced Plastics.com. Retrieved from http://www.reinforcedplastics.com/view/17700/bio-resins-derived-from-cashew-nutshell-oil/ on 11 March 2014.
FIDEL MM, PALANGINAN II, DIONGLAY MSP, BATO RC, TAMAYO JP, GARCIA CMC. 1998. Extraction and characterization of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). FPRDI Journal 24(2):1-11
GREENSEAL. 2001. Particleboard and Medium-Density Fiberboard. Green Seal’s Choose Green Report. Retrieved from http://www.wbdg.org/ccb/GREEN/REPORTS/ cgrparticleboard. pdf. on 19 February 2014.
[JSA] Japanese Standards Association. JIS A 5908-2003. Japan Industrial Standard for Particleboards. Tokyo, Japan. 26 p.
MALONEY TM. 1993. Modern Particleboard and Dry-Process Fiberboard Manufacturing. San Francisco, USA: Miller Freeman Inc, 672 p.
MAZDA MOTOR CORPORATION. 1997. Mazda Engineering Standard MES CF 050C. Flammability of Interior Parts. 22p.
MORAN MSR, SEVILLA FB, MARI EL. 2004. Chemically modified cashew shell residue as an adsorbent for heavy metal ions. FPRDI Journal 30(Jan-Dec):26-48.
SCHOLLENBERG CS. Polyurethane and isocyanate-based adhesives. In: Handbook of Adhesives. 2nd edition. Skeist, I., Ed. New York, USA: Van Nostrand Reinhold and Co. pp. 446-463.
US Motor Carrier Vehicle Safety Standards, No. 302. Flammability of Interior Materials. Retrieved from http://fmcsa.dot.gov/rules-regulations/administration/fmcsr/ fmcsrruletext.aspx?reg=571.302. on 23 January 2014.
YOUNGQUIST JA, AM KRZYIK, BW ENGLISH, HN SPELTER, CHOW P. 1996. Agricultural Fibers for Use in Building Components. In: The use of recycled wood and paper in building applications: Proceedings of a 1996 symposium sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory and the Forest Products Society, in cooperation with the National Association of Home Builders Research Center, the American Forest & Paper Association, the center for Resourceful Building Technology, and Environmental Building News. Proc. 7286. Madison, WI: Forest Products Society. pp 123-134; Retrieved from http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf1996/young96a.pdf. on 19 February 2014.
RAMANAN MV, LAKSHMANAN E, SETHUDHAMAYAN R, RENGANARAYANAN S. 2008. Performance prediction and validation of equilibrium modeling for gasification of cashew nut shell char. Braz J Chem Eng 25(3):585-601. Retrieved from http://www.scielo.br/pdf/bjce/v25n3/a16v25n3.pdf on 10 March 2014.
