Molecular Phylogeny of Catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes) in the Philippines Using the Mitochondrial Genes COI, Cyt b, 16S rRNA, and the Nuclear Genes Rag1 and Rag2
Shiny Cathlynne S. Yu and Jonas P. Quilang*
Molecular Population Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Biology,
College of Science, University of the Philippines,
1101 Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
In this study, three mitochondrial genes, namely, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), cytochrome b (cyt b), and 16S rRNA, and two nuclear genes, namely, recombination activating gene 1 (rag1) and recombination activating gene 2 (rag2) were used to determine the phylogenetic relationships of seven native and four introduced catfishes in the Philippines belonging to five families. All genetic trees constructed using the methods Maximum-Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) of concatenated sequences of the five genes support the monophyly of catfishes in each of the five families. ML and BI generated a topology (Loricariidae + (Clariidae + (Ariidae + (Pangasiidae + Plotosidae)))). Loricariidae is separated from the monophyletic clade of Ariidae, Pangasiidae, Clariidae and Plotosidae. One specimen each of Arius manillensis and A. dispar (Ariidae) shared the same unique concatenated sequence, while two specimens of Pterygoplichthys pardalis shared a unique concatenated sequence with one specimen of P. disjunctivus (Loricariidae). It is possible that the two Arius species and the two Pterygoplichthys species are synonymous. Future studies may use cytogenomic markers to establish if the species of these latter genera are valid. Future studies may also use a combination of molecular and morphological data in inferring the phylogenetic relationships of catfishes.
INTRODUCTION
Catfishes (Order Siluriformes) are a diverse group of ray-finned fishes (Nelson 2006) that are distributed in all continents (Diogo 2004) and comprise more than 3,088 valid species distributed among 477 genera and 36 families (Ferraris 2007). Catfishes are valued as popular sport fish, food items, and tropical aquarium fish (Nelson 2006). Two introduced species, namely, Clarias gariepinus and Pangasianodon hypophthalmus are used in aquaculture, while two other introduced species, namely, Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus and Pterygoplichthys pardalis are causing environmental problems. . . . . . . . . . .
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