Callusing and Regeneration Potential of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes Towards the Development for Salt Tolerance
Fredeslinda C. Evangelista*, 1, Rhodora R. Aldemita2, and Lilian B. Ungson3
1Department of Biology, University of the Philippines Manila, Padre Faura, Taft Avenue, Manila
2Philippine Rice Research Insitute, Maligaya Muñoz, Nueva Ecija
3Institute of Biology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City
*This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Plant regeneration in Oryza sativa line LX278. A. Callus with regenerating shoots. B. A regenerating plantlet with shoots and roots.
ABSTRACT
The response to tissue culture of mature seeds of rice from three genotypes-- PSB Rc28, PSB Rc58, and LX278--- was studied to identify which genotype could be used as source of explants for future genetic transformation endeavors in improving rice yield on saline soil. Callusing ability, structure of the callus, and regeneration capability were used as bases in determining suitability. Results showed that while the three genotypes were all capable of forming calli, PSB Rc28 and PSB Rc58 were not able to sustain growth and generally differentiated roots (55.3%) or became necrotic (76.9%), respectively. LX278 was the most amenable to tissue culture, forming 78.8% of embryogenic calli. When half of this was transferred in regeneration medium, 69.8% regenerated plantlets. Among the plantlets, 48.9% developed by somatic embryogenesis and 51.1% by organogenesis. Thus, LX278 will be used as source of explant for genetic manipulation....
REFERENCES
AYRES NM, PARK WD. 1994. Genetic transformation of rice. Critical Reviews on Plant Sciences 13(3): 219-239. .
CHAUDHURY A, QU R. 2000. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of turf-type Bermuda grass: Effect of 6-benzyladenine in callus induction medium. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 60: 113-120.
EVANS DA, SHARP WR, FLICK CE. 1981. Growth and behavior of cell cultures: embryogenesis and organogenesis. In: Plant Tissue Culture. Trevor Thorpe ed. New York: Academic Press. p. 52.
[FAO] FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS. 2004. The State of Food and Agriculture 2003-2004. Agricultural Biotechnology: Meeting the Needs of the Poor? Retrieved from www.fao.org/docrep/ on 01 June 2005.
GANDONOU CH, ABRINI J, IDAOMAR M, SKALI SENHAJI N. 2005a. Response of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) varieties to embryogenic callus induction and in vitro salt stress. Afr J Biotechnol 4(4): 350-354.
GANDONOU CH, ERRABII T, ABRINI, J, IDAOMAR M, CHIBI F, SKALI SENHAJI N. 2005b. Effect of genotype on callus induction and plant regeneration from leaf explants of sugarcane (Saccharum sp). Afr J Biotechnol 4(11): 1250-55.
HIROSE S, KAWAHIGASHI H, OZAWA K, SHIOTA N, INUI H, OHKAWA H, OHKAWA Y. 2005. Transgenic Rice Containing Human CYP2B6 Detoxifies Various Classes of Herbicides. J Agric Food Chem 53: 3461-67.
HOQUE M E, MANSFIELD JW. 2004. Effect of genotype and explant age on callus induction and subsequent plant regeneration from root-derived callus of indica rice genotypes. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 78(3): 217-223.
INUI H, SHIOTA N, IDO Y, INOUE T, HIROSE S, KAWAHIGASHI H, OHKAWA Y, OHKAWA H. 2001. Herbicide metabolism and tolerance in the transgenic rice plants expressing human CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 71: 156-169.
[IRRI-CORRA] INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE - COUNCIL FOR PARTNERSHIPS ON RICE RESEARCH IN ASIA. 2003. Philippines– Problems, Priorities, Progress and Opportunities. Retrieved from http://www.irri.org/corra/2003%20 Country%20Reports/Philippines_rep.doc on 14 September 2008.
[IRRI-CORRA] INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE - COUNCIL FOR PARTNERSHIPS ON RICE RESEARCH IN ASIA. 2005. Country Report: Philippines. Retrieved from http://www.irri.org/corra/2005%20Country%20Reports/Country%20 report%20Philippines%202005.doc on 14 September 2008.
LAUNIO CC, REDONDO GO, BELTRAN JC, MOROOKA Y. 2008. Adoption and spatial diversity of later generation modern rice varieties in the Philippines. Agronomy J 100: 1380-89.
LINSMAIER EM, SKOOG F. 1965. Organic growth factor requirements of tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 18: 100-127.
LU BR. 1999. Taxonomy of the genus Oryza (Poaceae): historical perspective and current status. International Rice Research Institute Notes 243: 4-8.
LU BR, SNOW AA. 2005. Modified rice and its environmental consequences. BioScience 55(8): 669-678.
MEHLO L, GAHAKWA D, NGHIA P-T, LOC N-T, CAPELL T, GATEHOUSE J, GATEHOUSE A, CHRISTOU P. 2005. An alternative strategy for sustainable pest resistance in genetically enhanced crops. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 102: 7812-16.
MISHRA A, KHURANA P. 2003. Genotype dependent somatic embryogenesis and regeneration from leaf base cultures of Sorghum bicolor. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol 12: 53-56.
MOLINA MD, APONTE EM, CORTINA H, MORENO G. 2002. The effect of genotype and explant age on somatic embryogenesis of coffee. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 71(2): 117-123.
MURASHIGE T, SKOOG F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 15: 473- 479.
PABLICO SMA. 2008. Public investments needed in improving rice productivity: II. Retrieved from http://sundaypunch.prepys.com/archives/2008/04/21/harvest-time-101/ on 14 September 2008.
PABLICO SMA, GADO CLB. 2007. Farmers’ picks for better harvest. Retrieved from http://www.philrice.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_ content&task=view&id=323& on 14 September 2008.
[PRRI] PHILIPPINE RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE. 1999. Introductory Course On Rice Biotechnology Laboratory Manual. Maligaya, Munoz, Nueva Ecija: Philippine Rice Research Institute. 74p.
RACHMAWATI D, ANZAI H. 2006. Studies on callus induction, plant regeneration and transformation of Javanica rice cultivars. Plant Biotechnol 23: 521-524.
RÖMER S, FRASER PD, KIANO JW, SHIPTON CA MISAWA N, SCHUCH W, BRAMLEY PM. 2000. Elevation of the provitamin A content of transgenic tomato plants. Nature Biotechnol 18: 666-669.
SERAJ ZI, ISLAM Z, FARUQUE MO, DEVI T, AHMED S. 1997. Identification of the regeneration potential of embryo derived calluses from various indica varieties. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 48: 9-13.
SOLIS R, YOSHIDA S, MORI N, NAKAMURA C, KANEDA C. 1998. Production and characterization of transgenic indica rice plants carrying maize Ac-Ds elements introduced by particle bombardment. Plant Biotechnol 15(2): 87-93.
STEINMACHER D, CANGAHUALA-INOCENTE G, CLEMENT C, GUERRA M. 2007. Somatic embryogenesis from peach palm zygotic embryos. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant 43 (2): 124-132.
TITOV S, BHOWMIK SK, MANDAL A, ALAM MS, UDDIN SN. 2006. Control of phenolic compound secretion and effect of growth regulators for organ formation from Musa spp. Cv Kanthali floral bud explants. Am J Biochem Biotechnol 2(3): 97-104.
VASCONCELOS M, DATTA K, OLIVA N, KHALEKUZZAMAN M, TORRIZO L, KRISHNAN S, OLIVEIRA M, GOTO F, DATTA SK. 2003. Enhanced iron and zinc accumulation in transgenic rice with the ferritin gene. Plant Sci 164: 371-378.
YARASI B, SADUMPATI V, IMMANNI CP, VUDEM DR, KHAREEDU VR. 2008. Transgenic rice expressing Allium sativum leaf agglutinin (ASAL) exhibits high-level resistance against major sapsucking pests. BMC Plant Biol 8: 102.
YE X, AL-BABILI S, KLO¨ TI A, ZHANG J, LUCCA P, BEYER P, POTRYKUS I. 2000. Engineering the provitamin A (b-carotene) biosynthetic pathway into (carotenoid-free) rice endosperm. Science 287: 303-305.
ZALE JM, BORCHARDT-WIER H, KIDWELL KK, STEBER CM. 2004. Callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryos of a diverse set of wheat genotypes. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 76: 277-281.
