Evaluation of Pre-slaughter and Slaughter Data from Lechon-size Black Tiaong and Kalinga Native Pigs (Organic Farm) and Landrace, Large White and their F1 Crosses (Conventional Farm)
Orville L. Bondoc*, Jorge Michael D. Dominguez,
Cristy M. Bueno, and Oliver D. Abanto
Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science,
University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031 Philippines
*Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to compare pre-slaughter and slaughter data from 40 lechon-size pigs belonging to native breeds (i.e., Black Tiaong and Kalinga) raised in an organic production system and commercial breeds (i.e., Landrace, Large White, and their F1 crosses) obtained from a conventional swine breeding farm. Native breeds had significantly (p<0.01) longer head and snout, shorter ears and body length, wider shoulders but narrower rump width, lower rump height, and larger neck circumference than commercial breeds. Native breeds had significantly lower live weight (p<0.05) but were older at slaughter (p<0.01) than commercial breeds. Hot carcass weight including the head, hot dressing percentage, and % chilled carcass yield were lower in native breeds. Weight of head, stomach, female reproductive organs, and blood were significantly heavier (p<0.01) in native breeds than commercial breeds. Weight of liver, kidneys, spleen, and small intestines were however, significantly heavier (p<0.01) in commercial breeds. The % edible internal organs and body parts in native breeds was significantly higher in terms of head, ears, stomach, visceral fats, and female reproductive organs but significantly lower (p<0.05) in terms of the liver, kidneys, and small intestines compared to commercial breeds. The slaughter parameters above may have direct implications on production targets of those involved in our country’s lechon value chain. No significant differences (p>0.05) were found between types of production system in terms of weight loss during transit, tail length, wither height, heart girth, midriff girth, and flank girth, chilled carcass weight and drip loss percentage, and weight of ears, tail, heart, lungs, large intestines, and visceral fats.
INTRODUCTION
Originally introduced as a Spanish pork dish, the lechon refers to a suckling pig (2-6 weeks old) that is slow-roasted, although nowadays lechon sizes may vary from lechon de leche (5-10 kg), small (10-15 kg), medium (15-20 kg), large (20-25 kg), and extra-large (25-30 kg). Pork offals (i.e., lungs, kidneys, intestines, and heart) and lean meat are simmered in a rich, gravy of pork blood and vinegar and sautéed with garlic, onion, and long sweet peppers – popularly known as dinuguan (pork blood stew). Pork offals are relatively cheap and used together with other edible body parts in common Filipino dishes such as sisig, bopis, kilawin, isaw, adobo, etc. . . . . read more
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