Philippine Journal of Science
152 (1): 53-68, February 2023
ISSN 0031 – 7683
Date Received: 07 Jul 2022
Efficacy against Molds and Decay Fungi
of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) Formulations
Applied on Forest Woody Vines
Shirley A. Pelayo*, Sheryll C. Micosa, Kennethjer G. Alejo, and Alaine P. Omalin
Department of Science and Technology
Forest Products Research and Development Institute
College, Laguna 4031 Philippines
*Corresponding author: shirley.pelayo@fprdi.dost.gov.ph
[Download]
Pelayo S et al. 2023. Efficacy against Molds and Decay Fungi of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid
(CNSL) Formulations Applied on Forest Woody Vines. Philipp J Sci 152(1): 53–68.
https://doi.org/10.56899/152.01.03
ABSTRACT
An organic-based preservative was formulated from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) because of its anti-termite and fungicidal properties. Various formulations such as cashew nut shell liquid + ethanol (CNSL + EtOH), cashew nut shell liquid + ethanol + boric acid (CNSL + EtOH + BA), and cashew nut shell liquid + ethanol + copper chloride (CNSL + EtOH + CuCl2) were developed from the refined cashew nut shell liquid. Laboratory evaluation showed that CNSL + EtOH + CuCl2 had the highest inhibition against the decay fungus, Gloeophyllum sepiarum, whereas CNSL + EtOH + BA and CNSL + EtOH provided moderate inhibitions. The three formulations, however, only showed slight to moderate inhibition against Polyporus sanguineus. The plate test against molds showed varied results. CNSL + EtOH showed no inhibition in both species of molds – Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. – whereas CNSL + EtOH + BA and CNSL + EtOH + CuCl2 showed slight inhibitions against both mold fungi. Results indicate that the three CNSL formulations showed toxicity against fungi, although it is less effective against molds but moderate to effective against decay fungi. The performances of CNSL formulations were tested in forest woody vines. The results of the treatment showed varied retention values. The concentration of CNSL significantly affected the retention. Likewise, the indoor exposure test showed variation in the efficacy of CNSL formulations. After a year of exposure, forest woody vines treated with CNSL + EtOH + CuCl2 proved to be the most effective against fungi.