Philippine Journal of Science
153 (5): 1873-1878, October 2024
ISSN 0031 – 7683
Date Received: 30 May 2024
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Strongylodon macrobotrys A. Gray (Jade Vine) Stem Extract
Rogerlyn G. Maning1*, Lucky Kris M. Tarrayo1, Angelica Ana Alarcon1, George V. Admirable1, Cristian Demier V. Dollano1, and Cielo Emar M. Paraoan1,2
1Science Department, College of Science, Bulacan State University, Malolos, Bulacan 3000 the Philippines 2Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Diliman, Quezon City 1101 the Philippines
*Corresponding author: rogerlynmaning01@gmail.com
Maning R et al. 2024. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Strongylodon macrobotrys A. Gray (Jade Vine) Stem Extract. Philipp J Sci 153(5): 1873–1878.
ABSTRACT
Strongylodon macrobotrys A. Gray is known for its ornamental woody vines and magnificent blooms consisting of dangling clusters of claw-shaped flowers. It is known as the Philippine jade vine, locally known as “tayabak.” Studies have shown that this plant has antimicrobial efficacy; however, there were no studies conducted locally focusing on the antimicrobial properties of the plant. Hence, this study utilizes the plant, particularly the stem to identify the antimicrobial efficacy of S. macrobotrys in inhibiting the growth of representative pathogens such as Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC 13311), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) using methanol and ethanol as solvents with various concentrations. The Kirby-Bauer method was used to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of different extracts by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition (ZOI) and determining optimal extract concentrations. Between the two extracts studied, the methanol extract had stronger antimicrobial activity, having the highest ZOI (12.0 ± 1.73) at a 95% concentration level of methanol as used to extract the stem of S. macrobotrys. Additionally, the methanol extract of S. macrobotrys stem proved to be more potent against the Gram-positive bacterial strains, particularly B. subtilis [F (2,33) = 1971, p < 0.001] and S. aureus [F (2,33) = 27.7, p < 0.001] than the inactive Gram-negative bacterial strains E. coli and S. typhimurium. The findings indicate that the extract has a changeable level of inhibition capacity depending primarily on the resistance of bacterial strains. This is the first study about the antimicrobial efficacy of S. macrobotrys conducted locally. This firmly established that S. macrobotrys stem continues to contribute to the interest in natural products as potential treatments, particularly in combating antimicrobial resistance.
Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, ethanol extract, Kirby-Bauer method, methanol extract, Philippine jade vine